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Buletin Farmatera

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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

ISSN : 2528410X EISSN : 2528410X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 6 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (2019)" : 6 Documents clear

RISK FACTORS ANALYSIS OF HEARING DISORDERS DUE TO NOISE ON MACHINERY WORKERS AT UNIVERSAL STEEL FACTORY Elvira Kesuma; Muhammad Edy Syahputra Nasution
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Noise, being one of the threats towards occupational health, has exposed 600 million workers globally. The incidence of hearing loss caused by workplace noise is 16% in adults. There are various risk factors of hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of those risk factors on Universal Steel Factory’s workshop workers. This is an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through history taking, physical examination and pure tone audiometry for 30 workers. The data obtained were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact. There was a correlation between hearing loss with age (p = 0.001), working period (p = 0.001), noise intensity (p = 0.004), and smoking habits (p = 0.013). Therefore, age, working period, noise intensity, and smoking habits have influences to the occurrence of noise-induced hearing loss.Keywords: risk factors, noise-induced hearing loss, workshop workers

VITAMIN C PREVENTS STRESS INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN PRENATAL NOISE EXPOSED RODENTS Winnie Nirmala Santosa; Viskasari P. Kalajanti; Ni Wajan Tirthaningsih
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Potency of oral vitamin C to prevent cardiomyopathy in prenatal noise exposed newborn Wistar rats was studied by comparing the cardiomyocyte numbers and the extracellular matrix expressions (ECM) to controls. Twenty-four newborns (NR) of 32 pregnant mothers were divided equally into 4 groups: K1 (distilled water [DW]), K2 (150 mg/kg of BW oral vitamin C once daily [VC]), P1 (4 hours daily of white noise at 95 dB [WN]+DW), and P2 (WN+VC). VC and WN were given from D1 till birth and from D15 till birth, respectively. The hearts of NR were harvested, and processed for histology slides (2 midsagittal 4 μ cut slides/ animal) stained with hematoxyllin-eosin and Masson trichrome for the cardiomyocytes and ECM quantification at the ventricles using Image Raster 3.0 and ImageJ, respectively. Pictures from 8 visual fields/ slide were taken and analyzed in duplicate (400x magnifications under a light microscope). Data were analyzed using SPSS 17; significance level of p<0.05. In P1, the cardiomyocite cell numbers was significantly lowest (p<0.001); whilst the ECM was significantly highest than K1, K2, P2 (p<0.001 and p<0.005, respectively). Here, vitamin C could prevent the adverse effect of prenatal noise exposures in the ventricle myocardium of newborn rats.Keywords: cardiomyopathy, hypertrophy, prenatal noise, vitamin C

SUDDEN DEATH DUE TO RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASES Abdul Gafar Parinduri
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Sudden death is death that occured within 24 hours since of the onset symptoms. Forensic cases, most occur within minutes or even the first seconds of appearance. Sudden death causes can be applied according to the body system, there are central nervous, respiratory, gastrointestinal, haemopoietic, and the endocrine system. Sudden death from respiratory illness is one of the causes of sudden and natural deaths worldwide. Incidence of sudden death in developing countries has a higher frequency. One of the respiratory ailments that causes sudden death is tuberculosis. Case report:a 35 year-old female has been carried out outside examination and in (autopsy) on the corpse. Autopsy was found that lung attachment with chest cavity. Right and left lung was full of foam mixed with pus. This verification supports that the cause of sudden death was due to chonic lung disease.Keywords: Corpse autopsy, pulmonary tuberculosis, sudden death, respiratory disease

EFFECTS OF METHANOL EXTRACT AND N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF PAPAYA LEAVES (CARICA PAPAYA L) ON TOTAL AND DIFFERENTIAL WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNTS IN MALE WISTAR RATS AFTER CARRAGEENAN INDUCTION Okto P.E Marpaung; Datten Bangun; Syafruddin Ilyas
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

As one of the countries producing medicinal plants, Indonesia has the potential to develop medicinal plants in the future. The anti-inflammatory effects of methanol and n-hexane extract from papaya leaves were seen in this study using a pretest-posttest control group design using 36 male adult Wistar rats divided into 6 groups. All rats received 1 week acclimatization, then blood specimens were taken from the tail, after which they were treated, and intraplantar injections were carried out with 1% carrageenan solution as much as 0.1 ml. Then retrieval of blood specimens from rats' tails at 3 hours and 6 hours afterwards. Then an examination of the number and type of leukocytes was performed on all blood specimens obtained. It was found that the number of male Wistar rat leukocytes after getting methanol extract of papaya leaves was lower but not significant (p> 0.05) compared to those who did not. The increase in the number of leukocytes cannot be restrained significantly by the administration of n-hexane extract. It was found that changes in leukocyte counts in acute inflammatory conditions with the administration of methanol extract and n-hexane extract of Papaya Leaves. The increase number of neutrophils and monocytes in acute inflammatory conditions can be significantly suppressed by the administration of methanol extract of papaya leaves. Key words: inflammation, carrageenan, papaya, Carica papaya l

ASSOCIATION OF DISEASE HISTORY WITH RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT AMONG PATIENTS IN DEPARTMENT OF OPHTHALMOLOGY AT DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN ACADEMIC GENERAL HOSPITAL PALEMBANG Amin, Ramzi; Septadina, Indri Seta; Putri, Dwi Octaverina
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract. Retinal detachment is the detachment of neuroretina from pigmented retinal epithelial layer which supplying it. Retinal detachment which is untreated could lead into permanent visual impairment. According to its etiology, retinal detachment can be classified into rhegmatogenous and non-rhegmatogenous, where rhegmatogenous cause is more common that the other. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is associated with many previous disease history. Research was to determine the association between previous disease history and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the patient in Department of Ophthalmology at Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Academic General Hospital, Palembang. This was an analytical observational study using cross sectional design. Population of study was patients which had been diagnosed as having retinal detachment at the study site. One hundred and fifty-five of 267 patients were taken as study sample by using consecutive sampling technique. Data was obtained from patientsâ€™ medical records from 1 January 2015 to 31 August 2018. Analysis of association showed the following results: previous cataract surgery (p=0,038; PR=1,309), high degree myopia (p=0,014; PR=1,400) and trauma history (p=0,036; PR=1,350). There were significant associations between previous cataract surgery, high degree myopia and trauma history with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.Keywords: Previous cataract surgery, myopia, trauma, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

MODULATION OF BONE TISSUE HISTOMORPHOMETRY AND MALONDIALDEHYDE EXPRESSION LEVELS BY VITAMIN C IN RODENTS AFTER PRENATAL NOISE EXPOSURE Taya Elsa Savista; Viskasari Pintoko Kalanjati; Abdurachman Abdurachman
Buletin Farmatera Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Abstract: Vitamin C is proposed as an antioxidant to combat the oxidative stress of prenatal noise exposure in bone tissue of newborn Wistar rats. Thirty-two Wistar mothers were administered oral vitamin C 150 mg/kg BW/day from D1 of pregnancy until delivery; white noise exposure of 95 dB, 4 hr/day was given from D15 of pregnancy until delivery. Newborn rats were divided into 4 groups equally (n=24): K1 (distilled water), K2 (vitamin C), P1 (distilled water + WN), P2 (vitamin C + WN). The osteoblast and osteoclast mean cell numbers, the osteoid volume, and an oxidative stress expression level marker of malondialdehyde (MDA) were calculated from two adjacent longitudinal slices of newborn rats’ tibiae using Cell Sense and ImageJ softwares (4 μ; 400x of light microscope magnification). Data were analyze using either ANOVA and LSD post-test or Brown-Forsythe and Games Howell post- test; significance level if p<0.05. In P2, the mean number of the osteoblast was significantly higher than in P1 (p<0.001); whilst the osteoclast mean number was significantly lower compared to other groups (p=0.03). In P2, the osteoid volume was significantly higher than in P1 (p=0.021); with lower MDA levels than P1 (p=0.074). From this study, vitamin C could protect the newborn rat bones exposed by prenatal noise as an oxidative stressor.Keywords: vitamin C, prenatal noise, osteogenesis, malondialdehyde

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